In the vast expanse of the Atlantic Ocean lies a volcanic island few people have ever heard of—Annobón, a tiny, isolated territory that belongs to the Central African nation of Equatorial Guinea. Despite its geographic and political placement in Africa, this island of just 17 square kilometers and 2,000 inhabitants has become the center of a surprising international discussion: joining Latin America.

Yes, you read that right. More than 6,000 kilometers from South America, Annobón is seeking to formally establish ties with the Latin American world—specifically, with Argentina. What began as a symbolic movement rooted in colonial history is now developing into a serious proposal driven by social urgency, historical claims, and geopolitical frustration.

A forgotten island with colonial roots

Annobón is not your typical African territory. Its history is unique and entangled with both European colonization and Latin American legacy. In the late 18th century, during the height of the Spanish Empire, Annobón was administratively incorporated into the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata—the Spanish colonial region that included much of modern-day Argentina, Uruguay, and Bolivia.

Though the integration was more nominal than practical, some Annobonese residents today are reviving that historical link as the basis for their political aspirations. Citing their colonial-era ties with South America, they argue for a future that leaves Africa behind—politically, if not geographically.

Why does Annobón want to align with Latin America?

At the heart of the movement is more than just history—it’s desperation. Annobón faces extreme poverty, infrastructure collapse, and authoritarian control by Equatorial Guinea’s government. Life on the island is marked by isolation, food insecurity, and lack of access to basic healthcare and education.

In 2022, amid growing frustration, a group of residents proclaimed the Autonomous Republic of Annobón, an unrecognized entity aiming for self-determination. They’ve since reached out to Argentine diplomats, academics, and NGOs, seeking humanitarian aid, international visibility, and eventually, official affiliation with Argentina or other parts of Latin America.

Their reasoning is bold but clear: shared colonial roots, cultural affinity (Spanish is spoken in both regions), and a hope for democratic governance and economic opportunity. Supporters believe that a Latin American connection could offer a lifeline and global attention that their current government withholds.

Legal and political challenges

Of course, the idea of transferring territory between continents is extremely rare and controversial. International law makes secession and annexation extraordinarily complex. For Argentina or any Latin American country to consider formal ties with Annobón, constitutional changes and international negotiations would be required. Moreover, Equatorial Guinea strongly opposes any separatist movements, and such a transition would likely provoke diplomatic tension.

Still, Annobón’s case sparks broader conversations: Who decides the future of forgotten communities? And in a globalized world, can distant regions unite not just through trade, but through shared values and histories?

What’s next for Annobón?

While the odds are against any immediate geopolitical shift, the story of Annobón resonates beyond its shores. It reflects the ongoing struggles of small, neglected communities searching for identity, stability, and connection. Whether or not the island ever becomes part of Latin America, its residents have already succeeded in one thing: making the world listen.

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